Improved borer for wells



Zik/.MM5 m'w T. J. LOVEGROVE. Boum PoR WELLS.

Patented May 2', 1865.

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i t UNITED STATES THOMAS J. Lovneuovn,

Specification `forming part of Letters Patent No. 47,599, dated May 2,1865.

To all whom it may' concern:

Beit known that I, THOMAS J. LovEGRovE, of the city and county of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented a newl and useful Improvement in Tools for Boring Artcsiau Wells, of which the following is a' termination of its downward stroke. Fig. 2

represents a vertical central section through the same as it appears on the upstroke. Fig. 3 represents a view of the face or bottom of the drill. Figs. 4 and 5 represent viewsof the wings or wedges for rotating the drill; and Fig. 6 a view, partly in section, of the tubular It is the object of my invention to prevent the jamming or sticking of the drill in the well, to insure the turning of the drill between the strokes, and to facilitate the removal of the contents of the well while boring, `to which ends the improvements herein claimed consist: First, in a drill whose edges are slanted from toe to heel at an angle to its line of vibration, whereby the drill, at every stroke,

is caused to glance to one side, and thus, in its rotation, cut a hole larger than its diameter;

secondly, in providing flanges or wedges on the jar-chamber or on the drill, these flanges being so arranged as to impart a rotary movement to the drill and, at the same time, s: Ave as auxiliary cutting-edges; thirdly, in a tuba Ltr jar, so constructed as to serve as a pump to remove the sand, detritus, &c.; fourthly, in a cylinder containing within ,itself a chamber which serves the double purpose of an airspace and a detritus chamber; fifthly, in so v combining a tubular jar and sand-pump that the jar shall form the induction-pipe of the pump; sixthly, in combining in an instrument for boring wells a hollow drill and a tubular jar; seventhly, in combining in an instrument for boring wells a hollow drill a tubular jar, a sand-pump, and a flexible and extensible discharge-pipe eighthly, in combining with a drill flanges to turn it in one direction, and ratchets to prevent it from turning in the other.

In the accompanying drawings, which ex- 'amplify one mode of carrying out the objects Y f my inventada honow dr i11,`Ais nomas PATENT. OFFICE'- N 0F rHILAnELPHrA, PENNSYLVANIA, Assienoul To HIMSELF Ann HENRY BALDWIN, Jn.,on sAivm 1 `Lg0mA i iconstructed with its cutting edge orface sloped at an obtuse angle from toe to heel. The sides ofthe drill are sloped so astoform achisel-j edge, b, which extends from one edge nearly butnot quite to the center, and` is intersected by two similar but divergin g cuttingsurfacs, b b2, which are connected bya curvededge, b3.

The space included between the lines 11)"112 bi" is hollowed out so as to forma chamberlor recess, c, from which a channel, C, leads to `the tubular stock I) ot'` the drill." `The upper end of this channel is closed b v a valve, d, `of any suitable form, to prevent the return" of any thing which may enter itfrom below;` y

Wedges, wings, or flan ges E E' are attached to the sides of the jar-chamber;` D with their respective edges inclined' in oppositefdirections, so as to impart a rotatorycmovelnent to t l" the drill. These wings also serve to cnt ,or v t shave down the` sidesof the hole soasto it a round finish. Instead of being mad angular, as shown in the drawings, the up edges of the wings, may be rounded orfsloped d so as to prevent catching ontheirupward stroke. To prevent the drillfrom bein g turned backward on the upward stroke, a male ratchet,

d, may be formed on the lower end ofthe tube l F, and acorrespondingfemale ratchet, d', in the top ofthe jar-chamberD,-as shown in Fig 1.

The jars heretofore yusedin boring wells consist simply of' two links, whichplay within each other, and by their yielding and vibration prevent to some degree the jamming or sticking of the boring tools. l

I have devised a jar of `mu construction, consisting of two tubes, one slid# ing within the other.

i In the drawings the jar chamber `D of the? l ,t 'drin forms a' barrel 0r Cylinder, in which the;` z t t tube or rod F reciprocates asaplmlgen` This a rod projects through the bottom of a cylinder, G, of which it forms the' induction-pipe. An eduction-pipe, H, extends through theftop ot' this chamber, and is divided at bottom into branches or points, to serve as guides for a ball-valve, I, which prevents any1 return t i through the induction-pipe F. `A flexible discharge-pipe, K, conducts `the sand, water,` or

other-substances to the surface of the ground or other place of discharge. l l i Owing to the peculiar construction ofiny t ch improved :as follows: the well by any suitable means,bein g caused to rotate slightly on its axis at Yeach stroke by the -It-is, however, obvious that valves of other forms may be substituted, and that the other details of 'construction of my invention may, likewise be moditied in many ways Without departing from the spirit ot' my'invention.'

`The operation of my improved apparatus is The drill is vibrated vertically in action of the inclined wings E E', and the ratchets d d prevent any backward movement ofthe drill on the upstroke. As the drill falls the valves d and I rise, and any water,sand, or

detritus in the well passesl up into the jarchamber D. At the same time the cylinder G and piston I descend, and the contents of the jar chamber D llow into the cylinder G, the lower portion of which forms a sand-chamber, (or space where the heavy detritus may settle,) while the upper portion forms an airchamber, the 'pressure of the air contained in which upon the contents ofthe cylinder G forces the sand and water up through the eduction-pipe H and ilexible hose I to the place of discharge. ll1iseonstant'pressure, of course, obviates the necessity of starting the contents of the cylinder at every stroke. vOn

' the upward stroke of the drill the valves close and prevent any return through them, while the retraction of the piston Fleaves a vacancy in the chamber D to be filled on the next downward stroke.

The above-described operations are,of course, repeated at every reeiprocatiou of the drill.

- What I claim as my invention, aud desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A drill with two or more cutting-edges; sloped from toe to heel at an angle to its line-l of vibration, substantially in the manner described, for the purpose of boring a hole of larger diameter than vthe drill, as -set forth.

2. The combination, with the drill,of vtheincliued wings or anges E E', substantially as described, and for the purposes of turning the drill automatically, and ol'jsmoothing and rounding the hole, as set forth.

3. A tubular jar so constructed as to serve as a pump for removing the detritus from the well.

4. A cylinder containing a chamber which serves the double purpose of an aircylinder and a. detritus-chamber.

5. The combination of a tubular jarvand a sandpump in such manner that one of the tubes of the jar shall form the inductionpipe of the sandchamber.

6. The combination, in an instrument for boring wellsfof a hollow drill and a tubular jar.

y '7. The combination of a hollow drill, a tubular jar, a sand-pump, and a flexible hose or discharge-pipe.

8. The combination, witha drill, of flan ges E E to turn it, and ratchetsd d to prevent its backward movement, substantially described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

THOMAS J. LOVEGRovE.

Witnesses:

WM. B. DAYTON, H. G. Oris, Jr'. 

